妊娠糖尿病孕妇网膜下脂肪组织差异表达基因的研究

An insight into the differentially expressed genes between control and gestational diabetes mellitus groups

目的研究妊娠期糖尿病孕妇与同期正常妊娠的孕妇网膜下脂肪组织中差异表达基因,探讨这些差异基因是否参与妊娠糖尿病的发生和发展,为探讨妊娠糖尿病的致病机理提供线索。方法收集2例通过OGTT实验确诊但未经过治疗的妊娠期糖尿病患者和同期2例年龄、孕次产次、孕前BMI与之无差异的健康对照者网膜下脂肪组织,提取总RNA后,采用Affymetrix mRNA表达谱芯片进行检测,并进行基因表达谱结果进行比较,寻找具有差异表达的基因。结果表达谱芯片分析发现GDM组和正常妊娠网膜组织中存在差异表达基因共有81个。其中有48个基因表达水平上调,33个基因表达下调。结论 GDM脂肪组织中基因的表达存在显著差异,基因的差异表达可能与GDM发生和疾病发展有关。目标基因的功能涉及细胞骨架、肌动蛋白功能、氧化磷酸化、细胞凋亡、脂肪以及糖代谢、膜转运、神经发育、信号转导、炎症反应、排异反应、离子通道、细胞周期和肿瘤的发生等多个方面。妊娠糖尿病脂肪组织中具有特异性的表达基因,为进一步研究妊娠糖尿病发病机制提供线索。接下来需要进行生物信息学的相关分析,建立基因间相互作用关系网络,进行功能实验以验证,最终阐明网络中的核心基因在妊娠糖尿病中的作用。

Objective In order to investigate the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）, the differences of genes expression in adipose tissues under omenta between pregnant women with GDM and the normal pregnancies were compared. Whether these differences involved in the occurrence and de- velopment of GDM were discussed. Method 2 cases of omenta adipose tissues in insulin untreated GDM pregnancies diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT） were collected. Meanwhile, the same cases of omenta adipose tissues in normal pregnancies were collected. There was no discrepancy between the two groups, including gestation age, parity and pre-pregnancy BML The RNAs of these tissues were extrac- ted, and the gene expressions of these tissues were detected by Affymetrix mRNA expression chip. The differences of gene expression profiles between GDM and normal controls were analyzed in order to find the possible disease genes. Results The expression levels of 81 genes changed between GDM pregnancies and normal controls according to the level of mRNA chips. In these 81 genes, there were 48 genes up-regula- ted, and 33 genes down-regulated. Conclusions There are notable gene expression differences in adipose tissues under omenta between GDM patients and the normal pregnancies. These genes were involved in many physiological functions such as： cytoskeleton conformation, actin function, oxidative phosphoryla- tion, cell apoptosis, fat and sugar metabolism, membrane transport, neural development, signal transduc- tion, inflammation, rejection, ion channels, cell cycle and tumorigenesis. These difference expression genes we found provided clues for further study the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes. After correlation analysis by bioinformatics, establish inter-gene interaction networks and verify differential gene expression in vitro, maybe we can find the core genes which cause GDM and understand their roles in the pathogenic process.