达斡尔族莫日根故事叙事结构及文化意蕴分析

The Analysis of Narrative Structure and Culture Meaning in Daur MoRiGen Folktales

达斡尔族莫日根故事大致可分为战斗故事和家庭故事两大类。运用结构主义分析方法加以研究,可以发现前者是"压迫/反抗"二元对立的故事,后者是"欺诈/揭发"二元对立的故事。莫日根则是沟通二元对立的中介,情节就围绕着莫日根沟通二元的矛盾冲突的作用而展开。骏马、莽盖、白那查等形象及仙女相嫁、顽敌命根被击中等母题在莫日根故事中反复出现,已经成为包含达斡尔族民族精神的文化符号。挖掘莫日根故事的深层结构,发现"忍耐遭祸、反抗得福"是达斡尔人民深藏的观念意识。

Daur Mo RiGen Folktales include two categories of stories which are wars stories and family stories. By structuralism analysis method,we can find that war folktales are the ones that are privative between oppression and resistance,while the family tales are privative between cheat and exposure. Mo Rigen is the intermediary agent,the plot is developed by Mo Rigen's communication function in the binary conflicts. The motif on images of fine horses,Manggai,Bai Nacha and fairy's marriage,and enemy's fatal vulnerability come up repeatedly,and have become a culture symbol in Daur spirit. Digging the structure of Mo Rigen tales,Daur's ideology of 'Endurance causes disasters,revolt causes fortunes'can be discovered in Daur people's concept.