20世纪前叶西方学者对中国东北农业地理的调研与影响

The Research and Influence of the Western Scholars on the Agricultural Geography of Northeast China in the First Half of 20th Century

《朴次茅斯条约》签订后,东北亚的政治格局发生了根本性的改变。日本从俄国手中攫取了原属俄国控制的中东铁路南段(以长春为界,以南属日本,以北归俄国)。日本成立南满铁路株式会社专事东北开发,首先发展铁路、矿山等各项产业,其次发展农业。而英美等西方国家希望趁日俄分据中国东北之机真正实现东北门户开放,因此特别关注日本在中国东北的举动。日本为了提高自身的农业、科技水准,也在积极谋求与西方农学家和技术人员的合作,二者的合作客观上推动了中国东北农业地理的国际化和现代化。

The political situation in Northeast Asia had changed fundamentally after The Treaty of Portsmouth was signed. Japan seized the south part of Chinese eastern railway from Russia( Changchun as the boundary,the south to Japan,and the north to Russia). Japan established the South Manchurian Railway Co.,Ltd. specializing in the northeast development. The company firstly devoted major efforts to developing railways,mines and other various industries,and secondly,to the development of agriculture. And western countries such as Britain and the United States hoped to realize the real open doors of Northeast China on this occasion,so they paid special attention to Japan's move in the northeast of China. In order to improve its own agriculture,science and technology Japan also actively sought cooperation with western agronomists and technicians. The cooperation of the two promoted the internationalization and modernization of agricultural geography in northeast china.