“说”“写”之变对《读写术》的影响

On the Influence of Orality and Literacy on Techné Grammatiké

语言是语法的认识对象,语言的使用影响语法观念的形成和发展。在古希腊,口语和书写对希腊语法的影响重点各不相同。古风时期希腊口语和修辞的盛行,催生了语法概念的萌芽。及至古典时期,书写在古希腊社会的使用开始增多,诸多语法范畴在此时得以提出。希腊化时期书写的普及以及典籍文献的整理,为语法概念的成熟和语法文本的形成创造了条件,从而促成了古希腊语法《读写术》的产生。

Language,as the studying object of grammar,is of direct influence on the germination and development of grammatical awareness. In ancient Greek period,orality and literacy have different impacts on the Greek grammar. In Archaic period,the prevalence of orality and rhetorics helped the germination of grammatical concepts. In classical period,when the literacy was becoming increased in ancient Greek society,the grammatical categories were further developed. And,in Hellenistic period,the popularity of literacy and the compilation of classical literatures facilitated the formation of grammatical texts. And this finally led to the formation of ancient Greek grammatical work,Techné Grammatiké.