食用百合种质创制及F_1代杂种鉴定

Production and identification of hybrids of lily

为培育抗病、优质的食用百合新种质,以龙牙百合为母本,兰州百合和铁炮百合为父本,采用不同方式和时期授粉;子房发育60、86、98 d时,采集不同胚龄的胚珠接种于不同配方培养基中进行胚拯救;再用RAPD分子标记对胚拯救获得的再生植株进行杂种鉴定。结果表明:龙牙百合×兰州百合在开花后第4天采用切柱授粉效果较好,龙牙百合×铁炮百合采用常规方法授粉较好;胚拯救较适宜的培养基配方为1/2MS+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.1mg/L 6-BA,子房发育98 d时萌发率最高,极显著高于60 d和86 d的萌发率;分子检测结果显示,F1代具有典型的父本及母本条带,采用胚拯救技术可以创制食用百合新种质。

Using Lilium brownii var.viridulum Baker as female parent and Lilium davidii Duch.var.unicolor （Hong）Cotton and Lilium longiflorum Thunb as male parents respectively, the hybridizations were carried out through different pollination methods at different flowering period, then the immature ovules of 60 d, 86 d and 98 d after pollination were transfered to different mediums to rescue the embryoes of hybrids, later the hybrids were identified through RAPD. The results showed that 4 d after flowering was the optimum time for Lilium brownii var.viridulum Baker and Lilium davidii Duch.var.unicolor （Hong）Cotton to pollinate by cutting stigmas, while the traditional pollination method was helpful for hybridization of Lilium brownii var.viridulum Baker and Lilium longiflorum Thunb. The medium of 1/2MS＋ 0.1 mg/LNAA＋ 0.1 mg/L6-BA was the best for embryo culture and 98 d after pollination was the best time for culture. The F1 hybrids were identified via RAPD and indicated that new germplasm of lily （var.viridulum Baker and var.unicolor （Hong）Cotton, Thunb） could be gained by wide hybridization with appropriate method of pollination and embryo rescue.