政府专项项目体制与中国企业自主创新

Effects of Government-sponsored Project Institution on Chinese Enterprises' Independent Innovative Output

分税制改革后,中央政府广泛采用专项项目体制的模式促进中国科技实力提升。本文根据中央政府"十五"时期高技术重大产业化专项在不同企业逐步实施的自然实验特征,应用双重差分模型估计了中央政府实施的高技术产业化重大专项项目对企业自主创新的影响。研究结果发现,高技术产业化专项项目资助不仅显著提高了企业自主创新产出,也促进了企业自主创新产出目标的实现,并且反事实研究支持了研究结论的稳健性。进一步研究发现,政府专项项目资助显著提升中小民营企业的自主创新水平,但项目资助对大型国有企业的自主创新并未发挥积极作用。因此,作为后发国家的中国政府专项项目资助对企业自主创新能力培育具有积极意义,但是政府专项项目资助更应该投向存在融资约束的中小型民营企业。

According to the gradual implementation of public supported high-tech industrializa- tion project in the different enterprises during the 10th Five-Year, this paper empirically estimates the effects of government-sponsored high-tech industrialization employing difference-in-differences econo- metric model. We find that the government extends a helping hand to finance high-tech industrialization has not only significantly improved enterprises＇ independent innovation level, but also has contributed to achieve the goal of enterprises＇ independent innovation output. The Counterfactual results support the robustness of conclusion We also find that the innovative effects of government-sponsored small and medium-sized private enterprises are far better than the large state-owned enterprises Therefore, as a developing country, Chinese government subsidies high-tech industrialization is necessary and con- clusive for enterprises＇ independent innovation However, government should provide financing to sup- port the small and medium-sized private enterprises that have financing constraints.