拟环纹豹蛛附肢体毛感受器的扫描电镜观察

Observation on the Hair Sensors of Pardosa pseudoannulata by Scanning Electron Microscopy

通过对拟环纹豹蛛(Pardosa pseudoannulata)附肢体毛(触毛、听毛、味觉感觉毛)的扫描电子显微镜观察,发现拟环纹豹蛛的触毛与体表形成的角度为锐角,触毛粗大,毛干较挺立,周围有绒毛环绕,触毛主要分布在蜘蛛体触肢的跗节、胫节和步足的跗节、胫节、端部处,其中第一步足分布最多,其数量较听毛和化学感觉毛多。拟环纹豹蛛的听毛细而长,基本垂直于表皮,毛囊深窝有褶皱,听毛主要分布于触肢和第四步足的胫节上,其余腿节分布较少,不同部位的听毛在形态、长度上没有太大的差别。拟环纹豹蛛的味觉感觉毛基部四周有微微隆起的圆形毛囊,味觉感觉毛大于听毛又小于触毛,四周被绒毛环绕,主要分布于蜘蛛的第一步足和第二步足的跗节胫节处,在触肢和螯肢也有少量分布。

Spider is sensitive to various stimuli. To understand spider′s sensing mechanism, the hair sensors（tactile hair, trichobothrium, gustatory hair） of Pardosa pseudoannulata were observed by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The results indicated that tactile hair formed an acute angle with the surface of spider body. The base of tactile hair was surrounded by hair follicles. Tactile hair was big, thick, and straight, with villus around（Fig. 1）. Most of tactile hairs distributed on the tarsus and tibia of appendages, especially on the first leg. The quantity of tactile hairs was more than that of trichobothria or gustatory hairs. There was obvious difference between trichobothrium and other hairs. The distinct character of trichobothrium was thin and long and mostly perpendicular to the epidermis; also, the hair follicle of trichobothrium was like a deep pit, with folds（Fig. 2）. The result of scanning electron microscope observation indicated that less trichobothria fell off, and that the hair base and body might be firmly combined. Trichobothria were mainly distributed on the fourth leg and the pedipalps, while less was distributed on the rest of femur. Usually, the base of gustatory hair had a slight bulge around the round hair follicles, while there was a slight curve on the top of gustatory hair（Fig. 3）. Gustatory hairs were mainly distributed on the first and second legs, and a few gustatory hairs were located in pedipalps and chelicera.