美国环境文学流变与批评

American Environmental Literature and Criticism of Evolution

美国环境文学是针对工业化发展模式与控制自然思维的批判,主要分为两个阶段。19世纪中期至20世纪60年代开启了美国环境文学的第一阶段,环境文学主题围绕歌颂自然之美,揭露环境危机,倡导环境保护展开,试图唤醒人们热爱自然、尊重自然、回归自然的生态意识。20年代至今是美国环境文学的繁荣期,弘扬环境正义是这一时代的主旋律。基于历史发展脉络,试图理清美国环境文学发展的流变,从而建构"自然性、整体性、交融性、主体间性"四位一体的美国环境文学批评范式。

Environmental literature in American intends to critique on the mode of industrialization and the control theory and mainly falls into two periods. The first period ranges from 1850 s to 1960 s and the theme is to extol the beauty of nature,reveal the crisis of nature and advocate environmental protection. The purpose of the first period is to awaken ecological awareness,which is love of nature,respect of nature and return to nature. The second period of environmental literature in America starts from 1960 s and lasts to the present. The theme of the second period is environmental justice. Based on historical development,the research attempts to anatomize the evolution of environ-mental literature in America and construct the critical mode of American environmental literature,which incorpo-rates the principles of nature,wholeness,engagement and inter-subjectivity.