美国新城市化时期城市理论转型及其启示

Transition and Enlightenment of Urban Management Theory in the Period of New Urbanization in America

20世纪五六十年代,美国城市发展发生了重要的转变,进入了以大都市区化为主要形态的新城市化阶段,城市呈现出离心式发展形态,政府对城市公共事务的管理和干预力度进一步增强,开始出现大都市区管理体制的改革。面对城市发展的转型,城市管理理论也对此作出回应,应运而生的多元主义理论对传统的精英主义提出了批判,推动了城市管理理论的创新。同样处于新型城镇化发展路径转型时期的中国可以从中汲取有价值的启示。

During the 1950 s and 1960 s,there was an important transition in the development of American cities where metropolitan areas became the dominant form of urbanization. People moved to the suburb instead of downtown,municipal government intervention was enhanced,and scholars began to research the models of metropolitan areas management. Responding to these changes,pluralism posted a critique of the elitism in the urban management theories. Chinese cities,facing the similar transition of new urbanization may benefit much from the transition experience of U. S. urbanization.