四川盆地川中古隆起震旦系-寒武系天然气特征及成因

Features and origin of natural gas in the Sinian–Cambrian of central Sichuan paleo-uplift, Sichuan Basin, SW China

利用高石梯—磨溪地区大量新钻探井和野外露头资料,开展震旦系—寒武系天然气组分、同位素、轻烃组成、烃源岩干酪根碳同位素、储集层沥青生物标志物等地球化学特征研究。研究表明:1震旦系灯影组和寒武系龙王庙组天然气均为典型的干气,以烃类气体为主。但灯影组干燥系数大、烃类组分含量低、非烃组分含量高。非烃气体含量的差异主要表现在氮气、二氧化碳、硫化氢和氦气方面。烃源岩成熟度不同和含硫矿物与烃类反应生成H2S是造成灯影组和龙王庙组天然气组成细微差别的原因。2灯影组和龙王庙组天然气δ13C2值差异明显,主要反映母质类型的差异。3灯影组和龙王庙组天然气甲烷δ2H值差异大,主要反映母质沉积水介质盐度的差异。4下寒武统页岩、灯影组泥岩、陡山沱组泥岩和灯影组碳酸盐岩干酪根碳同位素平均值分别为-32.8‰、-31.9‰、-30.7‰和-27.8‰。5灯影组储集层沥青4-甲基二苯并噻吩/1-甲基二苯并噻吩值介于筇竹寺组和灯影组烃源岩之间。研究认为高石梯—磨溪地区震旦系—寒武系天然气主要为原油裂解气,震旦系天然气来源于震旦系和寒武系烃源岩,寒武系天然气主要来源于寒武系烃源岩。

Based on the new drilling data and field outcrop data of the Gaoshiti–Moxi area, the geochemical characteristics of the Sinian-Cambrian natural gas are studied and analyzed, including gas composition, isotope, light hydrocarbon, kerogen carbon isotope and reservoir bitumen biomarkers etc. The results show that：（1） The natural gases of the Sinian Dengying Formation and Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, mainly composed of hydrocarbon gas, are typical dry gas. However, the natural gas of the Dengying Formation is characterized by higer dry coefficient, lower content of hydrocarbon gas and higher content of non-hydrocarbon gas. The main difference in non-hydrocarbon gases are the contents of N2, CO2, H2 S and He, the small composition differences between the natural gas of Dengying Formation and that of Longwangmiao Formation are mainly caused by maturity differences of source rocks and H2 S generated by reaction between sulfide mineral and hydrocarbons.（2） There are obvious differences in δ13C2 between the natural gases in Dengying Formation and Longwangmiao Formation, showing different parent materials of them.（3） There are large differences in δ2H between the natural gases of Dengying Formation and Longwangmiao Formation, showing the different water salinities of their source rock depositional environment.（4） The average kerogen carbon isotope values of the Lower Cambrian shale, Dengying Formation mudstone, Doushantuo Formation mudstone and Dengying Formation carbonates are ？32.8‰, ？31.9‰, ？30.7‰ and ？27.8‰ respectively.（5） The ratio of 4-methyl dibenzothiophene to 1-methyl dibenzothiophene of Dengying Formation bitumen is between that of Qiongzhusi Formation and Dengying Formation source rocks. It is believed that the Sinian-Cambrian natural gas in the Gaoshiti-Moxi area is mainly oil cracking gas, the Sinian natural gases come from the Sinian and Cambrian source rocks, and the Cambrian natural gases mainly come from Cambrian source rock.