基于mtDNA和rDNA基因序列的我国按蚊属按蚊亚属系统发育研究

Phylogenetic relationship of Anopheles species,subgenus Anopheles in China: based on mtDNA and rDNA sequences

目的应用mt DNA和r DNA基因特征重建我国按蚊属按蚊亚属的系统发育关系,以阐明各蚊种的亲缘关系。方法测定和分析我国按蚊属按蚊亚属17种蚊的mt DNA-COI和COII,以及r DNA-28S-D3基因序列,采用单基因和联合基因数据组以邻接法(NJ)、最大似然法(ML)和最小距离法(ME)构建系统发育树。结果 mt DNA-COI和COII基因,以及r DNA-28S-D3序列的长度分别为605bp、685 bp和370bp^406 bp。COI和COII在按蚊亚属成对蚊种间的遗传距离分别为0.002~0.111和0.001~0.105;而D3序列在多个蚊种间无差异,最大遗传距离为0.163。基于单基因COI和联合数据组"COI+D3"、"COI+COII+D3"构建的系统树拓扑结构一致、分支合理且稳定。各种团成员首先聚类,各大支分别对应4个种团,其间林氏按蚊种团与赫坎按蚊种团亲缘关系最近,须喙按蚊种团与之较远。结论构建的中国按蚊属按蚊亚属的分子系统发育树客观地阐释了各蚊种之间的亲缘关系,mt DNA-COI基因序列和多基因联合具足够的信息贡献量。

Objective To interpret the anopheline interspecific relationships by reconstructing the phylogeny of subgenusAnopheles mosquitoes in China,based on mt DNA and r DNA sequences. Methods The mt DNA-COI,mt DNA-COII andr DNA-28S-D3 genes of 17 species in subgenus Anopheles were sequenced and analyzed. The trees of Neighbor Joining（NJ）,Maximum Likelihood（ML）and Minimum Evolution（ME）were established,based on single gene and combined dataset.Results The lengths of mt DNA-COI,mt DNA-COII and r DNA-28S-D3 were 605 bp,685 bp and 370-406 bp,respectively.The pairwise genetic distances among Anopheles mosquitoes were ranged 0.002-0.111 for COI and 0.001-0.105 for COII. Thesequences of r DNA-28S-D3 were identical across some Anopheles mosquitoes,and its pairwise genetic distance ranged 0-0.163. The topologies of trees based on COI,COI ＋D3 and COI ＋ COII ＋D3 were with the same structure and stable. Allmembers of the same group were clustered,and four major clades were corresponding to four traditionally recognized groups.The genetic relationship between Hyrcanus Group and Lindesayi Group was closest,which was far away from BarbirostrisGroup. Conclusion The phylogenetic relationships of Chinese subgenus Anopheles mosquitoes was objectively elucidated.The mt DNA-COI gene sequences and combined datasets are sufficient contributions for reconstruction of the phylogeny ofAnopheles species.