结核病患者药物治疗依从性调查

Investigation of medication compliance of patients with tuberculosis

目的了解深圳市宝安区结核病患者药物治疗依从性状况,并分析其影响因素,为达到理想治疗效果,提高结核病患者治疗依从性提供参考。方法利用自行设计的结核病患者药物治疗依从性情况调查问卷,整群抽取结核病患者开展调查,采用描述性分析、χ2检验及Logistic回归分析等方法进行分析。结果 919名被调查患者药物治疗知识总知晓率为72.0%,正确信念总持有率为56.6%;不同文化程度者,除"是否可因副作用自行停药"和"是否对服药时间有要求"外,其余9个治疗知识题知晓率差异均有统计学意义;不同婚姻状况者4道信念题(是否担心药物治疗、可否自行减量和停药、坚持6个月治疗是否困难、能否按时服药)的持有率差异均有统计学意义;药物治疗依从性状况良好率为68.2%,其受到文化程度、1道知识题(漏服几次药是否不要紧)知晓率及4道信念题(是否担心药物治疗、可否自行减量和停药、是否按量及按时服药)持有率的影响。结论患者药物治疗知识题和信念题正确率均较低,其分别受到患者文化程度和婚姻状况的影响;应对文化程度高、相关的知识题和信念题正确率低的患者加强健康教育,从而提高全程督导率及依从性水平。

Objective To understand the medication compliance of patient with tuberculosis（TB）in Bao＇an district ofShenzhen city and its influencing factors in order to enhance the effect of TB therapy. Methods Patients selected by clustersampling were surveyed with self- designed questionnaire about their medication compliance, the data was analyzed usingdescriptive epidemiology, χ2tests and Logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 919 patients were surveyed in thisstudy.The total awareness rate of medication knowledge was 72.0%, and the rate of right belief holding was 56.6%; Patientswith different level of education presented significantly different rates in the 9 questions about medication awareness except twothat＂If drug withdrawal because of side effects is allowed？＂and＂Is there requirement of time of medication＂.Patients withdifferent marital status given different answers to the 4 following questions about belief＂Do you worry about drug therapy ornot＂,＂Isdecrement or drug withdrawal by yourself allowed？＂,＂Is it difficult for you to take a treatment course of 6 months？＂and＂Can you take medicine on time？＂; The medication compliance of the patients was 68.2%, and it was affected by educationlevel, awareness of the question that＂Does missing medication matter or not＂and believes of the four questions＂Do you worryabout drug therapy or not？＂,＂Is decrement or drug withdrawal by yourself allowed？＂,＂Is it difficult for you to take a treatmentcourse of 6 months？＂and＂Can you take medicine on time？＂. Conclusion The accuracy of questions about medicationknowledge and beliefs which related to education level and marital status were relatively low.Thus targeted health educationshould be carried out to enhance the medication compliance of TB patients.