摘要
目的探讨尿路感染常见病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法回顾分析2012年1月—2014年12月连续三年送检的中段尿标本中分离的1017株病原菌的分布及耐药性。应用美国BD-Phoenix 100全自动细菌分析仪及对应药敏板进行菌种鉴定及药敏试验,应用WHONET5.6软件进行耐药性统计分析。结果 1017株病原菌中,革兰阳性球菌196株占19.27%,革兰阴性杆菌722株占70.99%,真菌99株占9.74%;排在前五位的细菌是大肠埃希氏菌、肠球菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、白色假丝酵母菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌;革兰阳性球菌以粪肠球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌为主,未发现万古霉素耐药株;革兰阴性杆菌以大肠埃希氏菌为主,对亚胺培南、美洛培南敏感率100%。结论尿路感染病原菌以肠杆菌和肠球菌为主,耐药性普遍提高,掌握医院内尿培养病原菌的分布及耐药性,可以指导临床合理选择抗菌药物。
Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of the commonpathogens for urinary tract infections so as to provide basic evidence for reasonable clinical use of antibiotics. Methods Retrospectively analyzed the distribution and drug resistance of 1017 pathogens isolated from midstream urine specimens from January 2012 to December 2014. US BD-Phoenix100 automatic bacteria analyzer and the corresponding drug sensitive plates were applied for strain identification and susceptibility testing. Then All datas were analyzed by WHONET5.6 software. Results A total of 1017 pathogens isolated from midstream urine included 196(19.27%) strains of gram-positive cocci, 722(70.99%), strains of gram-negative bacilli, and 99(9.74%) strains of fungi; And ranked in the top 5 of pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli, Enterococci, Klebsiella pneumonlae, Candida albicans,and coagulase – negative Staphylococcus respectively. Enterococcus faecalis, coagulase – negative Staphylococcu and e.faecium were mainly in the gram-positive cocci and no strains resistant to vancomycin. we found. Escherichia coli were predominant pathogens in the gram-negative bacilli and the sensitivity to Imipenem and meropenem was 100%. Conlusion E. coli and Enterococci are the predominant pathogens of causing urinary tract infection along with a general increase in drug resistance. Therefore,it is of great significance to grasp the distribution and drug resistant of pathogens isolated from urine culture and it will contribute to guide the reasonable clinical use of antibiotics.
出处
《中国卫生产业》
2015年第11期3-5,8,共4页
China Health Industry
关键词
尿路感染
病原菌
耐药性
抗菌药物
Urinary tract
Pathogenic bacteria
Drug resistance
Antibacterials