陕北煤矿井工开采对土地破坏程度的分级

Classification of Land Destroy Degree Caused by Underground Coal Mining in Northern Shaaxi Area

随着煤炭资源的开采,煤矿对土地资源的破坏日益严重,对其治理工作迫在眉睫。井工开采煤矿对土地资源的破坏方式主要为压占、沉陷及污染,其中以沉陷破坏面积最大。根据陕北地区井工开采煤矿的地质采矿条件,以地面下沉量、倾斜变形、水平变形和曲率作为评价因子,并对各因子进行分级量化,综合各因子的取值将土地破坏程度分为轻度、中度和重度。若4种因子同时满足划分标准,则为相对应的影响程度,如果出现参数相互交叉的情况,则确定为中度影响区为宜。该套评价指标体系,可为煤矿沉陷区土地评价工作提供理论依据。

With the exploitation of coal resources, the coal mining has led to serious destruction of land resource, so its control work is extremely urgent. The land destruction modes caused by underground coal mining mainly concluded the land occupation, subsidence and pollution, in which the destructed area by subsidence was maximum. In this paper, the surface subsidence, inclined deformation, horizontal deformation and curvature were taken as the evaluation factors according to the geological and mining conditions of underground coal mines in Northern Shaanxi area, classified quantification was made to each factor, and based on the value of each factor, the destruction degree of the land was divided into mild, moderate and severe. If four factors satisfied simultaneously the division standard, they were the corresponding degree of influence, if the parameters were crossing each other, the area was determined as the moderate influence area. This evaluation index system can provide theoretical basis for land evaluation in the subsidence area of coal mines.