湖北省间日疟发病与传疟按蚊关系的圆形分布法分析

Analysis of the relationship between malaria occurrence and its vector through circular distribution method in Hubei Province

目的 了解湖北省间日疟（plasmodium vivax,p.v.）流行区间日疟发病与传疟媒介按蚊的关系,为防止输入性疟疾引起二代病例及消除疟疾验证工作提供依据.方法 收集湖北省2005-2009年5个疟疾监测点疟疾疫情和蚊媒监测的历史资料,按月统计间日疟发病数和蚊媒密度,采用圆形分布法进行分析.结果 湖北省2005-2009年间日疟发病高峰日、高峰期和流行期分别为7月28日、5月26日～9月28和3月27日～11月28日,高峰期和流行期天数分别为126 d和246 d;媒介按蚊活动的高峰日、高峰期和传播期分别为7月30日、6月2日～8月29日和5月1日～10月26日,高峰期和传播期天数分别为90 d和176 d.蚊媒密度平均角单独检验有统计学意义（F=14.84,P＜0.001）;各年间日疟发病平均角比较,差异有统计学意义（F=1.59,P＜0.001）.结论 湖北省间日疟发病及媒介按蚊活动均存在明显的季节性高峰;由于受环境改变,气候变化,生产生活方式变化,间日疟发病季节性与蚊煤季节性特征一致性比早期研究差异较大.

Objective To understand the relationship between p.v. occurrence and its vector in p.v. endemic area, providing the basis for malaria elimination and prevention of the second generation cases by the imported malaria. Methods The historical data of the cases and the vector of malaria were collected in five malaria monitoring points from 2005 - 2009 was analyzed. The number of p. v. cases and density of anopheles were analyzed monthly through the circular distribution method. Results in 2005 - 2009, the peak day, the peak period and the epidemic period of p. v. cases occurrence were on July 28, May 26 to September 28 and March 27 to November 28 respectively. The peak period and epidemic period were 126 days and 246 days respectively; the peak day, the peak period and the transmission period of anopheles were on July 30, June 2 to August 29 and May 1 to October 26 respectively. The peak period and transmission period were 90 days and 176 days respectively. The average angle inspection alone of the density of anopheles was statistically significant （F= 14. 84,P 〈0. 001 ）;there was significant difference among each average angle in annual p. v. cases occurrence （ F = 1.59, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusions Obvious seasonal peak of p. v. cases occurrence and anopheles activity were noted in Hubei Province. Due to environmental change, climate change, production and lifestyle changes of people, the seasonal characteristics consistency between p. v. cases occurrence and the anopheles activity had changed dramatically than earlier studies.