林下经济能否支撑停伐后的国有林区经济?——绥阳林业局黑木耳产业调研报告

Can Under-forest Resources Boost the Economic Development of State-owned forest region after Logging Ban Policy——Based on Suiyang Forestry Bureau's Black Tree Fungus Industry Survey Report

2014年4月1日黑龙江重点国有林区全面停止商业性采伐后,林区社会经济发展的前景令人堪忧。在大规模职工家庭生计状况跟踪入户调查基础上,针对绥阳林业局大力发展林下经济,特别黑木耳产业发展进行典型调研,以此探索国有林区新的经济增长点。结果表明:短期来看,绥阳黑木耳已形成一定的产业发展格局,总产值逐年提高、就业人数不断增长、可以支撑林区经济;但长期来看,原料短缺、市场波动大、行业准入门坎低,投入成本增大,要想实现产业长期可持续发展,必须通过原料替代,技术创新,产业结构优化,拓宽销售服务平台以及招商引资合作企业等方式,来降低原料成本,提高产业经济效益,增加就业,进而长期支撑林区经济的发展。

Since the Heilongjiang Province ceased commercial logging of the State-owned forest region from April 1st, 2014 comprehensively, there is a big concern about the future development of this national forest area. This pa- per unveiled the workers＇ family livelihoods status based on a massive household tracking survey, especially on Sui- yang Forestry Bureau＇s under forest economy which has a typical black tree fungus industry, in order to explore a new-growth point of this national forest area. The results showed that： In the short term, Suiyang＇s black tree fungus industry has a certain pattern of development, GDP increased year by year and the employment rate also increased. All these achievements can support the forest area economy; in the long term, shortage of raw materials, market fluc- tuations, low threshold of the industry access, increasing input costs must be replaced by raw materials substitution, technology innovation, industrial structure optimization, sales and service platform expansion, invent more invest- ment, etc., in order to reduce raw material costs, to increase industrial economic efficiency, to increase employment and eventually to support a long-term economic development of this State-owned forest region.