2014年智利外海东部海域智利竹筴鱼CPUE的时空分布

Spatiotemporal distribution of Trachurus murphyi's catch per unit effort in east offshore waters of Chile in 2014

根据2014年4~9月＂开富＂号大型拖网加工船在东南太平洋智利外海的东部海域进行智利竹筴鱼拖网作业的生产数据及NOAA遥感卫星记录的海表温度（SST）数据,研究并分析了智利竹筴鱼的网产量、单位捕捞努力量渔获量（CPUE）的月份及季节变化;不同季节智利竹筴鱼产量分布频次与SST的关系;各月的CPUE空间均值分布与SST的关系;不同季节CPUE空间均值及中心渔场的时空分布;以及放网次数和CPUE空间均值的空间分布.结果表明：冬季智利竹筴鱼的月均CPUE高于秋季,且两者均显著高于初春的月均CPUE,平均网产量的月份及季节变动规律与CPUE的变化相同;智利竹筴鱼的秋季产量集中在SST为12.5~13.0℃及13.5~14.0℃的海域,冬季产量集中在SST为12.5~13.5℃及15.0~16.0℃的海域,初春产量则集中在SST为15.5~16.0℃的海域;4~5月在SST为13.5~14.0℃内的智利竹筴鱼的CPUE较高,6月在SST为11.0~11.5℃内的CPUE较高,7~8月在SST为12.5~13.0℃的CPUE较高,9月在SST为15.5~16.0℃内的CPUE较高.中心渔场随着季节的变化则持续向北进行转移;CPUE在纬度方向的波动较大,在27°~28°S、37°~39°S及40°~44°S这3个范围内CPUE均值高于5 t/h,在79°~81°W范围内,CPUE空间均值介于10~15 t/h.

Based on the statistical data of Chilean jack mackerel （ Trachurus murphyi） obtained on ＂KAI FU HAO＂ vessel, and the sea surface temperature（SST） obtained by satellite remote sensing from NOAA from April to Sep- tember in 2014 in east offshore waters of Chile, this study analyzed the monthly and seasonal change of single net catch and catch per unit effort （CPUE） of Chilean jack mackerel, the relationship between the seasonal catch change of Chilean jack mackerel and SST, the relationship between the distribution pattern of CPUE and SST, the distribution pattern of CPUE and central fishing ground in autumn, winter and early spring, and the spatial distri- bution of CPUE and net count in 2014. The results showed that the CPUE of Chilean jack mackerel was higher in winter than in autumn, and both of CPUE in this two season were higher than the CPUE in early spring. Chilean jack mackerel caught mainly in sea areas where SST ranged from 12.5 ℃ to 13.0℃ and from 13.5 ℃ to 14. 0℃ in autumn, from 12.5 ℃ to 13.5℃ and from 15.0 ℃ to 16. 0℃ in winter and from 15.5 ℃ to 16. 0℃ in early spring. The CPUEs were higher in waters where the SST ranged from 13.5 ℃ to 14. 0℃ from April to May, where SST ranged from 11. 0 ℃ to 11. 5℃in June, where SST ranged from 12.5 ℃ to 13. 0℃ from July to August and where SST ranged from 15.5 ℃ to 16. 0℃ in September. The central fishing ground kept moving northward with seasonal alternations. The CPUE changed significantly with the latitudes, and the CPUE value in these 3 latitude regions of 27° -28°S, 37° -39°S and 40° -44°S were all above 5 t/h. The CPUE value in longitude region of 79°-81°W was between 10 t/h and 15 t/h.