肺结核患者引入自我效能训练对其焦虑、抑郁及生存质量的影响

Effect of self efficacy training on anxiety, depression and life quality of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

目的探究自我效能训练方案对肺结核患者负性情感状态及生存质量的影响。方法选取2012年8月~2015年3月无锡市第五人民医院收治的84例肺结核患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为研究组和对照组,每组各42例。对照组患者实施常规护理干预,研究组则在对照组基础上引入自我效能理论展开干预。干预前及干预6周后,观察并比较两组患者接受焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分;比较两组患者生理领域、心理领域、社会关系及环境领域方面的生存质量评分情况。结果干预前两组患者的SAS和SDS评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;干预后,研究组SAS和SDS评分分别为（42.1±3.5）、（42.9±3.7）分,均低于对照组的（47.9±3.7）、（46.5±3.5）分,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。干预前两组患者生存质量评分比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;干预后研究组生理领域、心理领域、社会关系及环境领域评分分别为（68.4±5.7）、（69.3±6.9）、（67.0±5.8）、（70.4±6.0）分,均高于对照组的（61.3±4.9）、（63.4±6.2）、（62.5±5.3）、（66.5±5.6）分,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论自我效能训练干预应用于肺结核患者,能有效减轻其焦虑、抑郁情绪,且能提高其生存质量,取得较为满意的临床成效,值得进一步推广。

Objective To explore effect of self-efficacy training scheme on negative emotional states and life quality of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods From August 2012 to March 2015, 84 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were randomly divided into study group and control group according to the random number table, each group with42 cases. The control group was carried out routine nursing measures, while the study group was introduced the self efficacy theory on the basis of the intervention of the control group. Before and 6 weeks after intervention, the SDS, SAS of patients in two groups were observed and compared; and quality of life assessment in physical field, psychological field, social relationships and environment of two groups were compared. Results Before intervention, the SAS and SDS score of two groups had no statistically significant differences（P〉0.05）; after intervention, the SAS and SDS scores of study group were（42.1±3.5）,（42.9±3.7） scores, which were lower than those in the control group [（47.9±3.7）,（46.5±3.5） scores],the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Before intervention, the Quality of life score of patients in the two groups had no statistically significant differences（P〉0.05）; after intervention, the scores of life quality in the field of physiological, psychological, social and environmental fields scores of the study group were（68.4 ±5.7）,（69.3 ±6.9）,（67.0±5.8）,（70.4±6.0） scores, which were higher than those in the control group [（61.3±4.9）,（63.4±6.2）,（62.5±5.3）,（66.5±5.6） scores], the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Self efficiency training intervention can not only effectively reduce the anxiety and depression of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, but also improve their quality of life.