历史文化街区居民旅游影响的感知研究——以北京什刹海地区为例

The Influence of Historical and Cultural Blocks Residents Tourism Perception Research——In Beijing the Shichahai Lake Area as an Example

旅游目的地居民对旅游业发展的感知和态度,是评价目的地旅游可持续发展的重要指标。以北京市什刹海为例,采用问卷调查与访谈相结合的方式,从经济、社会、环境三个方面揭示了胡同居民对旅游影响正负两方面的感知和态度。研究结论表明,北京市胡同居民对经济影响的感知态度更易倾向于正面感知,而对于社会文化和旅游环境的负面环境影响感知则强于其正面环境影响感知,具体表现为:1)发展旅游业能促进经济发展,提高个人收入,增加居民就业,但是也会提高物价水平;2)发展旅游业有利于提高当地知名度及弘扬传统文化,但是过度商业化和过度包装扭曲了原本朴实的胡同平民文化;3)大量游客的涌入使本地居民感受到了多元化的外来文化,但同时也干扰了本地人的正常生活,本地居民的不安全感有所提高;4)旅游发展改善了胡同的环境卫生状况,但也带来了噪音污染和交通拥堵。基于此,从关注多方利益主体的角度提出了促进胡同旅游发展的相关对策建议。

The perception and attitude of the tourism destination residents is very important to the sustainable development of the destination tourism. This article took the Shishahai history reserved area in Beijing as a example,conducted a questionnaire survey and talk face to face to acquire the first hand data. Based on the economic,society and environment,The research was developed the positive and negative perception and attitude of the Hutongresidents of Shishahai history reserved area. The results are obtained as follows： 1） The economic is developed,both of the income and the employments of the residents are increased,but the price is also increased.2） Tourism can boostethe destination＇s profile and culture,but the Over commercialization over advertisement change the original and narue culture of the Hutong. 3） Plenty of the tourists flow bring the different culture to the tourist destination,but the quite and ordinary life of the residents is disturbed,the residents felt more insecuritythan before. 4） The environment and sanitary conditions are improved,but the noise pollution and the traffic jam was serious than before. Based of the conclusion,this article put forward some suggestion on the development of the Hutong tourism.