市场化背景下社会资本对性别收入差距的影响基于2009 JSNet全国数据

Social Capital and Gender Income Gap under Marketization:Based on 2009 JSNet Data

本文使用2009JSNet全国数据,考察市场化背景下社会资本作用的变化及其对性别收入差距的影响。研究发现:第一,市场化程度较高的情况下,网络资源对收入回报的作用更小,阶层网络对收入回报的作用更大;第二,体制外部门两性的网络资源对收入回报的作用没有差异,体制内部门男性的网络资源对收入回报的作用小于女性;第三,男性的阶层网络对收入回报的作用无论在体制外部门还是体制内部门都高于女性。综上所述,对于女性而言,其所拥有的网络资源所能带来的收入回报优势被市场化的推进所消减;对于男性而言,其所拥有的阶层网络所能带来的收入回报优势被市场化的推进所提升。因此,随着市场化的不断推进以及社会资本在市场化背景下作用的变化,两性的收入差距在进一步拉大。

The marketization in China has impacted social capital and gender income gap. Using the data from the 2009 JSNet Survey, this study investigates the effect of social capital on gender income gap in China and how the impact varies in different occupational sectors. The finding indicates that.. （1） gender gap is greater in more market driven sectors than government sectors~ （2） internet resources provide more rewards to women in government sectors than private sectors while no such differences exist with men~ （3） within the social network of hierarchy, men is more likely rewarded according their ranks （social capital） in private sectors while there is no difference for women between the two sectors. We conclude that the social network of hierarchy has helped increase the gender gap in earnings. Marketization benefits men by increasing their social capital through their social standing while women are less affected, thus it contributes to the increasing gender income gap.