术中神经监测技术在甲状腺手术中的应用与进展

Application and progress of intraoperative neuromonitoring technology in thyroid surgery

喉返神经损伤是甲状腺手术较常见及最严重的并发症,尤其在复杂甲状腺手术及再次甲状腺手术中,因解剖层次不清、喉返神经解剖变异等所导致的喉返神经损伤机会加大。术中神经监测(IONM)是应用电生理技术监测术中神经功能完整性的一种技术,近年来研究显示,甲状腺手术中喉返神经IONM较常规暴露喉返神经能明显降低暂时性及永久性喉返神经损伤率。笔者就有关喉返神经IONM在甲状腺手术中的应用与进展进行综述。

Recurrent laryngeal nerve（RLN） injury is a common and serious complication of thyroid surgery.Especially in complicated or re-operative thyroid surgery,the risk of RLN injury is always increased due to indistinct anatomical planes and anatomic variations of RLN.Intraoperative neuromonitoring（IONM） is a technology for identifying the integrity of nerves during operation by electrophysiological means,and recent studies demonstrated that IONM of RLN can significantly reduce the chance of transient and permanent RLN injury compared to conventional RLN exposure in thyroid surgery.The authors address the application and progress of IONM technology in thyroid surgery.