腹腔镜直肠癌手术的常见并发症及其防治措施

Common complications of laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery and preventive measures

目前治疗直肠癌的方式以手术治疗为主,而近年来推广的腹腔镜技术因其切口美观、出血少、疼痛轻、术后恢复快、术后住院时间短等微创优势越来越受到青睐。同时,腹腔镜直肠癌手术的各种并发症如肠管损伤、输尿管损伤、吻合口瘘、吻合口出血、吻合口狭窄等也时有报道。如何预防、减少及处理其并发症是决定手术成功与术后恢复的关键。笔者就其发生原因及防治措施做一综述。

Surgery is the main treatment modality for rectal cancer at present,and laparoscopic techniques advocated in recent years are becoming increasingly preferred due to cosmetic incision,less blood loss,decreased pain,faster recovery and shorter length of hospital stay.Meanwhile,various complications associated with laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery such as intestinal injury,ureteral injury,anastomotic fistula,anastomotic bleeding and anastomotic stenosis are often reported.How to prevent,reduce and treat the related complications are crucial for operative success and postoperative recovery.The authors address the causes for those complications and the preventive measures.