轨道角动量在无线通信中的研究新进展综述

New Research Progress of the Orbital Angular Momentum Technology in Wireless Communication: A Survey

随着无线通信技术的蓬勃发展,频谱利用率和系统容量已经趋近香农极限.轨道角动量作为一项新型技术,拥有高效频谱利用率和抗干扰能力,引起了国内外学术界的关注.本文首先介绍了轨道角动量的应用与无线通信系统的基本原理;其次综述了轨道角动量在相关领域的研究进展,并对轨道角动量产生的关键技术进行深入分析,以及对现有的轨道角动量接收方法进行梳理总结;最后在目前已有研究的基础上,展望并提出了未来轨道角动量在无线通信研究及应用中需要重点解决和关注的一些突出问题,包括携带轨道角动量涡旋电磁波的产生,不同模态轨道角动量电磁波相互干扰的抑制,轨道角动量模态的编码方式以及不同模态涡旋电磁波的分离与检测等方面.

With the rapid development of wireless communication technology,spectrum efficiency and system capacity has been close to the Shannon limit. As a newtechnology,the orbital angular momentum（ OAM） has attractive properties of high spectrum utilization and anti-interference,arousing widespread concerns of domestic and foreign academics. Firstly,this paper reviews the application of OAM and the basic principle of wireless communication system. Then,it puts emphasis on the research progress of OAM in the related fields,mainly on the in-depth analysis for key technologies of generating OAM and the summary in existing method for receiving OAM. Finally,it looks into the future and proposes some prominent issues to be solved and focused on wireless communication research and application of OAM,including generation and reception of electromagnetic vortex waves carrying OAM,the suppression of the mutual interference of the OAM electromagnetic vortex waves in different modes,coding of OAM and the separation and detection of vortex waves carrying OAM in different modes and so on.