国内外医学期刊英文摘要的对比

Contrast of English Abstracts in Medical Chinese Versus Foreign Journals

以国内外六种医学核心期刊上的英文摘要240篇为随机样本,对其五种成分(背景、目的、方法、结果、结论)中的语言特征进行频数分析。第一人称代词在国外的使用比国内更加普遍。在"方法"、"结果"中,国内倾向于使用一般过去时,而国外多用一般现在时。国外甚至有通篇使用一般现在时的。表述"方法"时,国内多用被动语态,而国外多用主动语态。国外有通篇都使用主动语态的。情态助动词使用得最多的成分,在国内是"结论",但在国外是"背景"。

The random sample consists of 240 medical English abstracts taken from 6medical core journals at home and abroad.The occurrence frequencies of some linguistic features in the five elements of an abstract(i.e.background,objective,method,results,and conclusion)are analyzed.The first personal pronouns are more widely used abroad than at home.As to the method and the result,Chinese writers usually use the simple past tense while native speakers frequently use the simple present tense.Native speakers even use the simple present tense throughout an abstract.As to the method,Chinese writers tend to use the passive voice,yet native speakers dare to use the active voice.The latter even use active voices throughout an abstract.The element that contains the most modals is the conclusion at home yet the background abroad.