多目标分层分区的电动汽车有序充放电优化控制

Coordinated Charging and Discharging of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Based on Multi-Layered and Multi-Regional Optimization

为解决住宅小区、充电站内充电设施无法同时为多辆电动汽车最优充电的问题,以低压直流多接口充电设施为优化研究对象,提出多目标、分层分区的有序充电优化控制模型,使得充电设施运营商的收益最高,同时配电网的网损最低,电压降落始终未越限,并能在配电网电压降落越限时紧急放电,最大限度减少电动汽车负荷对其他负荷的影响。在此基础上,采用序列二次规划算法和动态规划算法进行求解,通过IEEE 34节点算例分析验证了该模型和算法的有效性。仿真结果表明:有序充电控制策略的引入在减少网损和电压降落的同时,使得充电运营商的经济效益有较大增加,较好地满足了多方面的最优需求。分层优化增强了优化控制方案的实时性、可操作性、可扩展性,使之更易于工程应用。

In order to solve problem that EVSE（Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment） cannot charge electric vehicles simultaneously in residential communities and charging stations, low-voltage DC power supplied EVSE with multi-sockets is introduced. On this basis, coordinated charging and discharging of plug-in electric vehicles based on multi-layered and multi-regional optimization is presented. This method maximizes revenue of operators, minimizes power losses and keeps voltage deviations within limits at the same time. This control strategy can also perform discharge in emergency situations with V2 G discharging control to maintain voltage stable and reduce side effects on original loads. An IEEE-34 example test is conducted to verify effectiveness of above mentioned coordinated charging control strategy using SQP（sequential quadratic programming） and dynamic programming algorithm. Simulation results show that the strategy can effectively increase revenue of operators and minimize power losses and voltage deviations. The control strategy is suitable to engineering application with better operability and expandability.