“廿年旅客发如雪,万里孤臣节似霜”——明遗民文祖尧的诗心

A Study on the Poetry of the Ming Loyalist Wen Zuyao

明清之际的滇南学者文祖尧,世人以气节之士视之。其质洁行廉,卓然自立;矻矻于教育,备尝艰辛;闻明亡,初则焚冠再则投水自沉,坚守民族气节,最终有家难归,客死异乡。被后人称作备道德学问、节义文章于一身,为千古人伦之标准,在省内外享有不小的声誉。惜乎对其诗歌的探究,似乎涉及不多。文祖尧在诗歌方面也卓有成就,其诗真实地反映了改朝换代之际社会的矛盾、儒士的处境,表达了身处动荡不安时代遗老退士所特有的情怀和心态。其《明阳山房遗诗》多忧伤感愤之作,语调苍凉,颇能感人。

the Yunnan poet Wen Zuyao in the Ming and the Qing Dynasties was a typical Ming loyalist. He had noble quality. His poetry truly reflected the society conflict and unfavorable situation of Confucian scholars during the regime change, and expressed his peculiar feelings and mentality in the turbulent era. Most of his poems were sad and moving with the desolate intonation.