神经内科护士职业紧张现状及精神健康的相关性研究

Relationships between occupational stress and mental health among nurses in neurology department

目的了解和探讨神经内科护士目前的职业紧张程度及精神健康现状,寻找其可能的相关关系,并分析其相关影响因素。从而为降低神经内科护士的职业紧张程度,减轻精神健康疾病,提高工作和生活质量提供理论依据。方法采用一般情况调查表、中文版职业紧张调查修订表、一般情况问卷等对西安市4所三级医院共191名神经内科护士进行问卷调查,获取相应的问卷评分。根据调查问卷得分采用不同的统计学方法对不同类别进行分析、总结和归纳。结果神经内科护士职业紧张的总分为(399.93±16.34)分,高于国内医务人员得分(P<0.01);一般情况总分为(13.65±3.54)分,高于国内女性公认职业压力较大的产科女医生的平均水平(P<0.01);职业紧张水平与精神健康密切相关,多项因素可导致精神健康出现相关问题和疾病。在影响精神健康的各职业紧张要素中,发挥主要作用的为任务过重、任务冲突以及工作环境三种因素(P<0.05)。其中,任务过重为最主要的影响因素(P=0.000)。结论相对于一般水平,神经内科护士在工作中处于较高的紧张水平和精神健康疾患中,如果不加以有效的控制可导致严重的精神健康疾病,应采取针对性的干预措施,有效降低其紧张水平,提高工作和生活质量。

Objective To investigate the degree and influencing factors of occupational stress and mental health among nurses in neurology department,reduce the degree of occupational stress of neurology nurses and alleviate mental health related problems,and provides the theory basis for improving the quality of work and life. Methods Total 191 nurses in neurology department from 4 hospitals in our city（ Xi＇an） were investigated with Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised Edition（ OSI-R） and GHQ. The data were analyzed and summarized by using different statistical method. Results The total score of OSI-R was 399. 93 ± 16. 34,and GHQ was 13. 65 ± 3. 54 which was significantly higher than the norm（ P〈0. 05）. The occupational stress level was closely related to mental health,which can lead to mental health problems and diseases. The major influencing factors of personal stress affecting mental health were the role overload,task ambiguity,and work environment. The role overload is the most important factor（ P = 0. 000）. Conclusion The nurses in neurology department suffer from more high level of occupational stress than the normal,which can lead to serious mental health problems. It should take active and effective measures to deal with it,which aims to improve the quality of work and life.