Zn^(2+)、Cd^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Cr^(6+)和Se^(4+)对褶牡蛎急性毒性效应研究

Acute toxic effects of zinc,cadmium,copper,chromium,selenium on Crassostrea plicatula

金属污染对水生底栖滤食性动物的危害,一直是普遍关注的水产养殖及水产品安全性热点问题之一。本文采用半静态法研究了Zn2+、Cd2+、Cu2+、Cr6+、Se4+对褶牡蛎(Crassostrea plicatul)的急性毒性效应(LC50)。结果表明,Zn2+、Cd2+、Cu2+、Cr6+、Se4+对褶牡蛎48 h-LC50分别为1447.00、28.16、12.25、1098.00、22.89 mg/L;72h-LC50分别为231.62、12.24、4.23、539.02、9.12 mg/L;96 h-LC50分别为81.84、8.83、2.59、378.06、4.10 mg/L,安全浓度(SC)分别为0.81、0.08、0.03、3.78、0.04 mg/L,五种金属对褶牡蛎的毒性依次为:Cu2+>Se4+>Cd2+>Zn2+>Cr6+,其中褶牡蛎对Cd2+、Zn2+、Cr6+耐受性较强,分别为渔业水质标准(GB11607-89)的17.60、37.81、8.18倍。

Heavy metals have long been recognized as one of the most important problems in aquaculture and aquatic products safety area, with deleterious effects on aquatic benthic filter feeders. The research aimed to study the acute toxicity of zinc （Zn2 ＋ ）, cadmium （Cd2 ＋ ） ,copper （Cu2＋ ） ,chromium（ Cr6＋ ） ,selenium （Se4＋ ） to Crassostrea plicat- ul . Using semi-static test method, the median lethal concentrations （LC50） were measured of five heavy metals Zn2＋, Cd2 ＋, Cu2 ＋ ,Cr6 ＋, Se4 ＋ in Crazsostrea plicatul . The results showed that the median lethal concentrations of Zn2 ＋ , Cd2 ＋ ,Cu2＋ ,Cr6＋ ,Se4＋ for 48 h to Crassostrea plicatul were 1447.00,28.16,12.25,1098.00,22.89 mg/L respec- tively; for 72 h were 231.62,12.24,4.23,539.02,9.12 mg/L; whereas for 96 h were 81.84,8.83,2.59,378.06, 4.10 mg/L,respectively. Safety concentrations （SC） were 0. 81,0. 08,0. 03,37. 80,0. 04 mg/L respectively. The or- der of the toxicity of these heavy metals was Cu2 ＋〉 Se4 ＋ 〉 Cd2 ＋ 〉 Zn2 ＋ 〉 Cr6 ＋ in turn. The tolerance of Crassostrea plicatul to Cd2＋ ,Zn2＋ and Cr6＋ were relatively strong which were 17.60 times and 37.81 times, 8.18 times higher than the fishery water quality standards （GB11607-89） ,respectively.