综采放顶煤条件下地表塌陷区管理探讨

Study on the Management in Subsidence Area under the Conditions of Mechanized Top-Coal Caving

本文基于综采放顶煤开采强度大、回采率高,地表移动变形尤为剧烈的特点,对综采放顶煤地表塌陷区管理办法进行探讨。塌陷区管理分为回采前、地表塌陷过程中和塌陷后治理三个阶段,回采前以塌陷预计和管理方法制定为主,地表塌陷过程中主要以地表移动规律、地物地貌受影响程度监测为主,而塌陷后治理主要以按照区域生态特点恢复生态平衡为主。本文研究对综采放顶煤开采塌陷区管理方法的选择和应用提出了宝贵的参考。

The management approach in subsidence area under the conditions of mechanized top-coal caving is discussed based on the char-acteristics of caving strength, recovery rate, particularly violent ground movement. The management of subsidence area is divided into three stages： former management, surface subsidence during and after the collapse of governance. The main purpose is subsidence expecting and management developing in the first stage, monitoring the law of surface subsidence and the impact on the terrain topography in the second stage, and the third stage is to restore the ecological balance in accordance with the regional ecological characteristics. The research result pro-vides valuable reference on the selection and application of management in subsidence area under the conditions of mechanized top-coal cav-ing.