关注女性生殖道HPV持续性感染

HPV Persistent Infection in Genital Tract of Women

高危型人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染只有持续了一定时间才可能导致宫颈病变乃至宫颈癌。宫颈的HPV感染非常常见,大多数感染者在感染一段时间后可清除HPV,也有些人成为持续性感染者,具有发生高级别宫颈上皮内病变的风险,其中少数进展为浸润癌。有些因素增加了持续性感染的风险,如年龄、多个性伴侣、生殖道同时伴有其他病毒感染、多次分娩(>3次)和免疫力低下等。HPV感染后的清除机制尚未完全明了,有证据表明宿主的免疫状态及HPV诱导的免疫逃逸与HPV持续性感染有关,免疫细胞及细胞因子起到重要作用。

HPV infection can lead to cervical lesions or cancer only if the infection of the high-risk type （s） of HPV persists for a long time. Although the HPV infection in cervix is common, most women with HPV infection can clear away HPV within a period of time. Some of them develop into the persistent HPV infection which is a high-risk factor of the high-grade cervical intraepithclial lesion. A small number of women with the persistent HPV infection develop into cervical cancer. The following factors have been tbund to increase the risk of the persistent HPV infection, such as age, multiple sexual partners, the infection of HPV plus other sexually transmitted viruses, muhiple parturition （〉3 children）, hypoimmuuity, and so on. The exact mechanism associated with clearance of HPV infection is not clarified. There is a lot of evidence to support the view that the HPV persistent infection is related to the immune status of host and the HPV-induced immune evasion. The role of immune system, including immune cells and cytokines, is important in viral clearance.