一起流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情的调查与控制

Investigation and Control of Epidemic Outbreak of Mumps

目的了解流行性腮腺炎暴发的原因和流行特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法,对暴发疫情的调查资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果本次疫情历时23 d,共调查在校学生1286人,共发生病例24例,罹患率为1.87%,男女性别比为3∶1,疫情发生于2015年3月16日—4月8日之间,持续23 d,出现2个发病高峰,分别在3月22—25日和4月5—7日;发病呈班级聚集性,全校有6个班有病例分布,其中三(5)班发病14例,占总发病数的58.33%;通过隔离患者,免疫预防和通风消毒等综合防治措施后疫情得到有效控制。结论该疫情的发生、发展与早期的流行性腮腺炎病例未得到及时的隔离治疗有关,今后应在学校加强疫情监测和报告,加强本病的宣传教育及预防控制工作。

Objective To understand the causes and epidemic characteristics of epidemic mumps outbreak, and provide sci-entific basis for the prevention and control measures. Methods The epidemic data of outbreak investigation were described and analyzed by field epidemiological investigation. Results The epidemic lasted 23 days, investigated a total of 1286 stu-dents. There were 24 cases, the incidence was 1.87%, gender ratio was 3： 1, the outbreak in 2015 March 16 to 4 August, lasts for 23 days, two incidence peaks, respectively in March 22-25 and April 5-7 days; incidence class aggregation, the school has six classes distribution of cases, which three （5）classes onset in 14 cases, accounting for 58.33% of the total in-cidence; by isolation of patients, immune prevention, ventilation and disinfection comprehensive prevention and control measures after outbreak effectively control. Conclusion The epidemic situation of occurrence, development and early mumps cases have not been timely isolation treatment, the future should be in the school to strengthen epidemic surveil-lance and reporting, strengthen the propaganda and education of the disease and prevention of control.