贺州市艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗的安全性研究

The Safety of Hezhou Antiviral Treatment in Patients with HIV/AIDS Research

目的了解贺州市HIV/AIDS患者接受抗病毒治疗后90 d内药物不良反应(ADR)发生的规律及其影响因素,评价HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗的安全性。方法对160例HIV/AIDS患者接受抗病毒治疗进行为期90 d的ADR监测,记录抗病毒药物ADR的发生时间、发生类型、ADR主要表现、干预措施和转归等。结果 160例接受抗病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS患者中,ADR的发生率为95.0%;累及系统器官主要有:代谢和营养障碍60.0%、全身性损害57.5%、血液系统45.6%、胃肠系统18.8%、肝胆系统26.9%、皮肤及其附件18.1%、神经系统18.8%等;累计出现ADR共517例次,结果痊愈或好转65.0%、未好转23.6%,不详11.4%;75.4%的ADR未采取干预措施;因ADR导致更换治疗方案的30例,停药3例。结论贺州市HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗后90 d内ADR发生率高,多数ADR症状轻微,部分ADR经对症处理后可好转或痊愈,临床医生应对治疗患者进行定期回访,对治疗中出现的ADR及时给予相应的干预措施,以提高患者用药的依从性,保证治疗效果和用药的安全性。

Objective The purpose of this thesis is to detect the adverse drug reaction（ADR） and its influencing factors on HIV/AIDS patients after their receiving antiretroviral treatment in the city of Hezhou within 90 days, so as to evaluate the safety of antiviral therapy in patients with HIV/AIDS. Methods This study based on 160 cases of HIV/AIDS patients who have received antiretroviral therapy under a 90-day ADR monitoring, during which the time, types, ADR main performances, interventions, and also the outcome of antiviral drug ADR have been recorded. Results In 160 cases of HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy, the ADR incidence rate is 95%; Organs involved in ADR and its clinical manifestos are： 60% among which are the metabolic and nutritional disorders, 57.5% overall systemic damage to the whole body;45.6% of blood system; 26.9% of liver and gallbladder System; 18.1% skin and its annexes 18.8% of nervous system; 18.8%damage of gastrointestinal system.The total number of ADR cases occurred has been 517, with a cured or improved rate of 65%, with a treatment inefficient rate of 23.6%, unknown 11.4%; 75.4% of the ADR intervention measures has failed to be taken; therapy replacement due to ADR is about 30 cases, discontinuation is 3 cases. Conclusion The result of the 90 days antiviral treatment for the 160 HIV/AIDS patients in the city of Hezhou was satisfying, as most of the ADR are mild and part of ADR can be improved or cured. Clinicians should regularly visit the patients, treatment of ADR should be adjust to timely and appropriate interventions for improving patients＇ compliance should be considered to ensure the safety of treatment and medication.