飞行机组操作行为关联性的数学分析方法研究

Mathematics Analysis Method Research for Dependence of Flight Crew Operation Behavior

随着空域运行环境的变革(例如,ICAO的PBN运行)和导航监视基础设施的发展(例如,ADS-B技术),机组和空中交通服务单元的职责都发生了一定的变化,飞机在航路上的导航性能监控与告警、应急航路的申请和分配、空中交通管理等新任务需求直接对传统的航电系统人机接口功能和人机交互行为提出了挑战,机组的工作负荷随之也会增加,因此系统集成化,功能的进一步提升是必然趋势。从各人机交互行为之间的关联性分析入手,就能为系统功能集成的新需求找到方向。该文基于人脑的串行处理假设,以RNP APCH剖面为背景,将机组操作行为抽象化并建立起数学模型,最终利用数学方法定量的给出操作任务之间的关联程度以及操作的工作强度。试验和分析的结果表明,操作行为的抽象化模型和量化分析结果较好地描述了真实的人机交互行为,为人机系统集成的策略探索出了一种理论方法。

As revolution of airspace operation environment （such as ICAO Performance Based Navigation operation） and development of navigation and surveillance infrastructure （ADS-B technology）, those responsibilities of both flight crew and air traffic service agency have been changed. The traditional avionics human machine interface and human machine interactive behavior are directly challenged by the monitoring and alerting of en-route navigation performance, appliance and allocation of emergency route and new mission in air traffic management. Meanwhile flight crew workload will also increase. Therefore it is an inevitable trend that the integration level of system and function will be further improved. New direction of system and function integration will be found in terms of dependence analysis between each human machine interactive behavior.This paper is based on serial process hypothesis of human brain, sets RNP APCH profile as operation scenario background, translates flight crew operation behavior into abstract mathematic model and quantitatively produces the level of dependence and strength of workload utilizing mathematic means. The results of test and analysis illustrates that the real human machine interactive behavior can be satisfactorily described by abstract model and quantitative data. A theoretic method for the integration of human machine system has ultimately been explored.