车臣等民族的流放—平反:根源与后果的重新审视

Exile and Rehabilitation of Chechnya and Other Ethnicities: Reexamination of Roots and Results

在1944年,苏联政府将车臣等民族从高加索地区流放到中亚,1958年前后,赫鲁晓夫政府又为其平反,被流放民族从中亚返回高加索。斯大林意欲将其永远流放,而赫鲁晓夫出于种种考虑,为相关民族平反。而无论是流放还是平反,都是大规模的人口流动,都影响了流放地和迁出地的族际政治局势,威胁到当地的社会—政治稳定和族际关系,与苏联解体存在某种关联。流放和平反这两个双向的进程不能实现充分对冲,不能令苏联(俄罗斯)的族际政治生态回到原点。

In 1944, the government of Soviet Russia exiled Chechnya and other ethnicities to Central Asia from Caucasia area. Around 1958, Khrushchev government rehabilitated them and made the exiled ethnicities to Caucasia. Stalin intended to exile them for good, but Khrushchev rehabilitated them out of various considerations. Yet, exile and rehabilitation, both belonging to large scale population movements, influenced the inter-ethnic political situations in the place of exile and place of origin and threatened the local social-political stability and inter-ethnic relationships, thus relevant with the collapse of the Soviet Union to some extent. Exile and rehabilitation, the two reverse processes, cannot achieve full hedging and cannot make the inter-ethnic political ecology of Soviet （Russia） back to the original point.