倡议联盟框架视角下我国计划生育政策变迁分析

An Analysis of the Changes in China's Family Planning Policy From the Perspective of the Advocacy Coalition Framework

倡议联盟框架作为对政策阶段论的替代,在西方国家用来分析政策变迁已经有较长的历史。本文紧扣我国计划生育政策变迁这一社会热点问题,在介绍倡议联盟框架基本结构的基础上,分析了我国计划生育政策变迁的三个阶段——新中国成立之初的探索阶段、20世纪70年代的基本形成阶段以及20世纪80年代政策出台和完善阶段的基本情况,并用倡议联盟框架的基本理论探讨和研究我国计划生育政策的变迁过程,检验倡议联盟框架对我国公共政策变迁的解释性和实用性。当然,由于政治和社会环境的差异,倡议联盟框架对我国计划生育政策变迁过程的解释存在一些不足,但是仍然为人们提供了一个理解政策变迁过程的新途径。

The Advocacy Coalition Framework,a replacement for policy stage theory,has long been used in analyzing policy changes in western countries. Based on the Advocacy Coalition Framework,this paper analyzes the three phases of the change of China＇s family planning policy： the exploration phase when PRC was first founded,1970 s when the policy was under formulation and 1980 s when the policy was completed and launched. With the analysis we test the practicability of Advocacy Coalition Framework in interpreting China＇s public policy change. Although there exist some problems in its interpretation of the change process of China＇s family planning policy due to political and social differences,Advocacy Coalition Framework still provides us with a new way to understand policy change.