钢搅拌摩擦焊接及加工研究进展

Friction Stir Welding and Processing of Steels

自搅拌摩擦焊发明至今,国内外开展了大量的有关搅拌摩擦焊(Friction stir welding,FSW)技术的研究与开发工作,并且已在轻合金结构制造领域得到大量实际应用。此外,基于搅拌摩擦焊原理发展而来的另一项技术——搅拌摩擦加工也得到广泛关注,并且在金属材料组织改性及复合材料制备方面显示了独特的优势。然而,由于受到高温搅拌头材料的限制,对钢铁材料搅拌摩擦焊接及加工的研究相比铝合金要少了很多。本研究对钢铁材料搅拌摩擦焊接及加工的研究进展进行简要概述,总结同质钢铁材料搅拌摩擦焊接、异质钢铁材料搅拌摩擦焊接、钢铁材料搅拌摩擦加工以及高温焊接工具材料等几方面的研究成果,指出其中存在的重要科学及技术问题,并对钢铁材料搅拌摩擦焊接以及搅拌摩擦加工的发展趋势及值得关注的问题进行展望。

Since the invention of the friction stir welding（FSW）, a large number of researches and developments of FSW have been carried out. And now, it has been widely used in the manufacture of light alloy structure. In addition, friction stir process（FSP） which based on the FSW technology has received wide attention. And it shows a unique advantage in the preparation of metal materials and composite materials. However, due to the limit of the high temperature tool materials, the level of activity in research on the friction stir welding of steels is dwarfed when compared with that on aluminium alloys. The current state of the researches on the FSW/FSP of steels is briefly summarized. The research works about the homogeneous and dissimilar FSW of steel, FSP of steels and the tool materials used at high temperature are presented. Furthermore, the trends and the key issues of FSW/FSP of steels are prospected.