简化的功能点度量方法的比较和分析

Comparison and Analysis of Simplified Function Point Measure Methods

自1978年功能点分析(function point analysis,FPA)度量问世以来,其作为一个比较流行的方法,在软件开发的前期计划及过程改进中起到至关重要的作用。而当前的状况却是其飞速发展的软件产业急需软件度量,但软件功能点度量,特别是FPA方法,难以在实际中进行应用,因此诞生了诸如E&QFP、NESMA、SimplifiedFP、ISBSG、ILF model、Early FP和Si FP等简化方法来弥补传统方法的不足。根据这些方法所采用的技术原理对简化方法进行了分类简述。然后从基本功能组件、基本功能组件粒度、捕捉功能组件的难易程度、权重值和度量过程等5个方面对简化的度量方法进行了比较。通过比较分析,使得用户可以对目前存在的简化方法有更深入的理解,用户可以根据自己实际需要选用恰当的方法,甚至构建自己专有的简化方法。

FPA（function point analysis） measurement has been regarded as a popular method and played an important role in the early stage of software development since it was figured out in 1978. But it is very difficult to put into use in practice and meet the needs of the rapidly developed software industry. Some simplified methods, such as E＆QFP, NESMA, Simplified FP, ISBSG, ILF model, Early FP and Si FP, have been worked out accordingly to overcome the shortcoming of traditional methods. This paper classifies these methods according to the principles they adopt, and then compares them from the aspects of basic functional component（BFC）, the granularity of BFC, the difficulty of capturing BFC, the weights of BFCs and the measurement process of each method. It can help the users to have deeper understanding about the existing simplified methods, to choose the right methods according to their needs, and even to work out their own simplified methods.