Thermodynamic of selective reduction of laterite ore by reducing gases

气体选择性还原红土镍矿的热力学（英文）

As the sulfide ore deposits become less economical and environmental viable as a source of nickel,increasing attention is being paid to the laterite ores.But in the pyrometallurgical process of laterite,more efforts should be paid to control the reduction of iron oxide in order to get high nickel-content nickeliferous product.For these reasons,equilibrium condition of iron oxide when laterite ore was selectively reduced by CO2/CO,H2O/H2 and CO2/H2 was studied from the perspective of iron activity with an assumption that the activities of Fe O and Fe3O4 equal 1 in this work,and it well accounts for the inescapability of Fe metallization.Activity coefficient of iron in Ni-Fe binary solid alloy was calculated by Miedema model based on the known thermodynamics datum filed.According to Raoult＇s law,the relationship among the Fe/Ni ratio,reduction temperature and reduction gas composition was calculated when laterite ore was selectively reduced by the three different reduction systems.The calculation result was discussed and also compared with the experimental result.The trend of metal iron content in the reduction product of laterite ore varying with temperature and gas composition was well predicted by the calculation result.

由于硫化镍矿生产镍铁在经济和环境上不断出现的问题,采用红土镍矿生产镍铁越来越受到重视。但是红土镍矿制备镍铁的火法工艺中,在提高铁镍产品中的镍含量方面的理论研究仍存在许多不足。出于这方面的考虑,假设Fe2O3、Fe O和Fe3O4的活度为1,计算了CO2/CO、H2O/H2和CO2/H2三种气氛下选择性还原红土镍矿时,不同铁活度下铁-铁氧化物的平衡条件。从已有的热力学数据出发,利用Miedema二元合金生成热模型,计算了Ni-Fe固态二元合金中铁的活度系数。并以活度系数为纽带,最终计算出这三种还原气氛下,镍铁合金产物中的铁含量与还原气体分压、还原温度的关系。并用CO2/H2还原红土镍矿,得到的实验数据与理论值进行了对比分析与讨论,热力学计算结果很好地解释了选择性还原红土镍矿时铁金属化无法避免的原因,并较好地预测了红土镍矿还原产物中铁含量随温度和气体组分的变化趋势。