不同光质对辣椒种子萌发、幼苗生长及抗寒性的影响

Effect of different light qualities on the seed germination,seedling growth and cold resistance of pepper

以辣椒为研究对象,通过隶属函数综合评价5种光质处理(红光R、蓝光B、7R/1B、5R/1B、自然光CK)对辣椒种子萌发、幼苗生长及抗寒性的影响。结果表明:红光处理下辣椒种子发芽率比对照高18.67百分点,且随着红蓝复合光中红光比例的增大,发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数都逐渐增大;红光处理下辣椒幼苗的株高最大,相比对照提高了80.1%;蓝光处理下幼苗的茎粗最大,相比对照增加了22.4%;不同光质下幼苗的根系以7R/1B最长,相比对照增加了96.4%;不同光质处理的幼苗之间植株鲜重差异显著,以红光下幼苗鲜重最大;相比对照增加了33.3%;不同光质下幼苗的干重差异显著,以7R/1B下幼苗干重最大,相比对照增加了87.5%;不同光质处理下幼苗叶绿素荧光参数中Fv/Fm,NPQ,ФPSII值均以5R/1B最高,蓝光最低;以种子萌发指标、幼苗生长指标以及叶绿素荧光参数进行综合评价,5R/1B(55.97%)最优,对照(49.05%)最低;以低温处理下测定的相对叶绿素含量、电解质渗透率、SOD、POD以及CAT等生理指标进行评价,5R/1B(58.16%)最优,蓝光(43.60%)最差。因而,5R/1B为辣椒种子萌发和幼苗生长发育的最优光质。

With pepper as the material,the effect of five light qualities（ R,B,7R /1B,5R /1B and CK） on the seed germination,seedling growth and cold resistance of pepper were evaluated according to subordinate function values analysis. The results showed that the red light had a remarkable impact on the seed germination of pepper,and its germination rate was about 18. 67% higher than that of the control group. Meanwhile,with the increasing ratio of red light in the compound light of blue and red,the germination rate,germination index and vigor index increased gradually. The pepper seedling height in red light treatment was the highest,about 80. 1% higher than that of the control group. The stem diameter was greatest in blue light treatment,which was 22. 4% higher compared with the control group. The root length of seedling was the longest in the treatment of 7R /1B,which was 96. 4% higher than that of the control group. There was significant difference in fresh weight and dry weight of seedlings under different light qualities,for instance,the fresh weight under red light was the largest,which increased by 33. 3% comparedwith the control group; and the dry weight was the largest in the treatment of 7R /1B,which was 87. 5% higher than the control group. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters including Fv / Fm,NPQ and ФPSIIwere the highest in the treatment of 5R /1B,but the lowest under blue light. According to the comprehensive evaluation of seed germination index,seedling growth index and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,5R /1B was the best（ 55. 97%）,and the control group was the lowest（ 49. 05%）. When evaluation was conducted with the relative chlorophyll content,electrolyte permeability,SOD,POD,and CAT activities measured under low temperature treatment,5R /1B（ 58. 16%）showed the best effect and the blue light was the poorest（ 43. 60%）. Thus,it can be concluded that the optimal light quality for the seed germination and seedling growth of pepper was 5R /1B.