日本囊对虾高位池养殖后期浮游生物昼夜垂直迁移规律

Diurnal Vertical Migration Laws of Plankton in Late Breeding Period of Marsupenaeus japonicus in Intensive Pond Culture

[目的]研究日本囊对虾养殖后期浮游生物的昼夜垂直迁移规律。[方法]对日本囊对虾养殖后期虾池中的浮游生物种类的组成和垂直分布进行分析,并探讨了引起虾池浮游动物垂直运动的可能原因。[结果]C区浮游植物总数量大于B区和A区,总数量变化范围为6.6×108~11.5×108个/L,但各区的昼夜垂直分布规律相似。绿藻、裸甲藻、硅藻、隐藻、蓝藻均在C区的总数量最大,各区的昼夜垂直分布规律相似。高位池养殖日本囊对虾虾池浮游动物总数量的昼夜垂直变化不明显,C区浮游动物总数量最多（1.69×103/L）,其次是B区,A区最少（1.26×103个/L）。日本囊对虾养殖后期水体中温度和DO的昼夜变化显著,而p H的昼夜变化不显著,而温度、p H值、DO的在各时间点的区域垂直变化均不显著。氮、磷和COD在各时间点的区域垂直变化均不显著,氮和磷的昼夜变化不显著,COD的昼夜变化显著。[结论]该研究可为后期虾池水质调控及日本囊对虾高产养殖提供数据资料。

[ Objective] The research aimed to study the diurnal vertical migration laws of plankton in late breeding period of Marsupenaeus japonicus. [ Method] The species composition and vertical distribution of plankton in late breeding period of M. japonieus in intensive pond culture were analyzed. The possible reasons that caused the vertical migration of zooplankton in shrimp pond were discussed. [ Result] The total number of phytoplankton in C region was greater than that in B region and A region, and its range was 6.6 × 108 - 11.5 × 108 ind./L, and the diurnal vertical migration laws in each region was similar. The total number of Chlorophyta, Baeillariophyta, Gymnodinium, Cryptophyta and Cyanophyta in C region was the maximum, and their diurnal vertical migration laws in each region were similar. The diurnal vertical migration laws of zooplankton in intensive pond breeding of M. japonicus were not obvious. The total number of zooplankton in C region was the maximum （ 1.69×103/L） ,followed by that in B region, and that in A region was the minimum（ 1.26 × 103/L）. The In the late breeding period of M. japonieus, the diurnal variation of temperature and DO were significant, the changes of pH was not significant, and the vertical variation of temperature, pH and DO in various time points were not significant. The vertical variation of nitrogen, phosphorus and COD in various time points were not signifi- cant, and the diurnal variation of nitrogen and phosphorus were not significant, and the diurnal variation of COD was significant. [ Conclusion] The research could provide data materials for the water quality regulation of shrimp pond in late period and high-yield breeding of M. japonieus.