丛枝菌根真菌对不同生长势葡萄品种生长生理的调控

Regulation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal on the Growth and Physiology of Grape Cultivars with Different Growth Potential

为了探明丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对不同生长势葡萄(Vitis L.)品种植株的生长及相关生理指标的调控机制,采用盆栽接种试验,分析接种摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae,Gm)4个月后的葡萄植株生长状况及相关生理指标的变化。结果表明,接种Gm使品种AMF侵染率上升了1倍左右,增加了株高、茎粗、生物量及根冠比,其中根系干重的增加最显著;AMF总体上提高或显著提高了各品种的叶绿素含量及SOD和POD活性,从而提高了其光合速率,促进了光合产物的积累,且增强了抗氧化能力,降低了膜脂过氧化水平,促进了植株生长;AMF还降低了各品种根和叶片中的可溶性糖含量,茎中的有所上升;根、茎、叶中的淀粉含量总体呈上升趋势;根中可溶性蛋白质含量显著下降,茎中变化复杂,叶中几乎无变化;根和茎中游离脯氨酸含量总体下降,叶中则变化复杂。可见,接种Gm可明显促进各葡萄品种的生长,可用于弱生长势品种的调控。

In order to investigate the regulatory mechanism of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AMF） on the plant growth and physiological indexes of grape（Vitis L.） cultivars with different growth potential, through potted inoculation experiment, the changes of growth and physiological indexes of grape plant was analyzed four months after vaccination. The results showed that Glomus mosseae（Gm） inoculation increased the AMF infection rate to test material about 1 times, thus increase the plant height, stem diameter, biomass and root shoot ratio, among which the root dry weight increased significantly. Genarally, AMF increased or significantly increased the chlorophyll content of the test materials, as well as SOD and POD activity,thereby improved the photosynthetic rate, promoted the accumulation of photosynthetic products, and enhanced the antioxidant capacity, reduced membrane lipid peroxidation, promoted the growth of plant. AMF also reduced the soluble sugar content in leaf and root, which increased in stem. Total starch content upward trend in leaf, stem, root; the soluble protein content in root decreased significantly, in stem changed complex, almost no change in leaf; free proline content decreased in root and stem, complicatedly change in leaf. Thus Gm inoculation can obviously promote the growth of grape cultivars, and can be used to improve the weak growth vigor cultivars.