冷链物流多级配送的安全库存优化研究

Research on Safety Inventory Optimization of Multi-echelon Distribution in Cold Chain Logistics

冷链物流中不合理的安全库存将直接带来库存损失,进而影响冷链物流的经济效益。建立了3个多级冷链库存模型来对比和研究安全库存变化,并加入了符合现实状况的订货周期和符合一般维纳过程的需求量增量,在可变的变质率和相同的服务水平的情况下,对比发现增加配送中心和运营中心可以降低某些冷链食品的安全库存,进而减低其带来的库存损失。结果表明,在实际情况下,对于某些不宜装卸搬运的冷链食品,增加配送中心和运营中心所能带来的成本节省还存在不确定性。

Unreasonable safety stock in cold chain logistics will result in inventory losses, there by affect the economic benefits of cold chain logistics. So three multi-level inventory models were established to compare and research the change of safety inventory, in addition the order cycle in accord with realistic conditions and the increment of demand in line with the general Wiener process were added, in case of the same service level and variable deterioration, it concluded that increasing the distribution center and operation center can reduce safety stock of some cold chain food, and thus reduce inventory losses. The results showed that, in practical, for some cold chain food unsuitable for loading and unloading, it＇s still uncertain about the cost savings by adding distribution center and operation center.