北京朝阳区护士职业倦怠与应对方式关系

Relationship between Job Burnout and Coping Style of Nurse in Beijing Chaoyang District

目的:探析护士的职业倦怠与其应对方式的关系,以期为护士职业倦怠的防治工作提供参考信息。方法:采用马氏工作倦怠量表-服务行业版(Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey,简称MBI-HSS)及简易应对方式问卷对1803名护士进行调查。结果:1在情绪衰竭及低成就感两个维度上分别有51.9%和52.2%的被试处于中高度倦怠水平;2相关分析显示,情绪衰竭、人格解体与积极应对呈负相关(r=-0.191^-0.187,P<0.05),与消极应对呈正相关(r=0.223~0.226,P<0.05);成就感与积极应对呈正相关(r=0.388,P<0.05),与消极应对呈负相关(r=-0.085,P<0.05);3应对方式的具体条目对情绪衰竭、人格解体、成就感3维度的多元逐步回归分析显示"尽量看到事物好的一面"、"寻求业余爱好,积极参加文体活动"、"改变自己的想法,重新发现生活中什么重要"、"试图休息或休假,暂时把问题(烦恼)抛开"、"通过吸烟、喝酒、服药和吃东西来解除烦恼"、"幻想可能会发生某种奇迹改变现状"等条目进入回归方程(R2=14.9%~21.6%)。结论:护士群体存在较严重的职业倦怠,应对方式的选择对其职业倦怠具有重要预测作用。

Objective：To explore the relationship between job burnout and coping style of nurses ,and provide aid for intervention of job burnout problem .Methods：A total of 1803 nurses were assessed with Maslach Burnout Inventory -Human Service Survey （ MBIHSS） and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ）.Results：①51.9%of the subjects were at moderate levels in the emotional exhaustion ,52.2%of the subjects at moderate levels in the achievement .②Emotional exhaustion ,depersonalization were sig-nificantly related to active coping style negatively （r=-0.191～-0.187,P〈0.05）,but related to passive coping style positively（r=0.223 ～0.226,P〈0.05）;Achievement were significantly related to active coping style positively（r=0.388,P〈0.05）,but related to passive coping style negatively （r=-0.085,P〈0.05） .③Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that ＂try to see the bright side of things＂,＂Seek hobby , actively participate in sports activities＂,＂change his mind , to rediscover what is important in life＂,＂trying to break or vacation , the problem temporarily （ trouble ） aside＂,＂With smoking , drinking , eating and medication to relieve the troubles＂,＂waiting for miracles ＂and other entries entered the re-gression model （ R2 =14 .9%～21 .6%） .Conclusion：There is serious burnout among nurse group , the coping style is an important predictor of nurses＇burnout .