高速铁路列车轴承疲劳寿命计算方法研究

Study of computational fatigue life method of high speed railway bearings

铁路列车轴箱轴承是列车运行系统中直接关系到列车安全的重要部件。随着列车运行速度不断提高,对其疲劳寿命进行估计和预测是十分必要的。针对铁路高速列车转向架系统中使用的双列圆锥滚子轴承,建立三参数威布尔模型进行轴承疲劳寿命的计算。由于轴箱轴承工作环境较为特殊,负载复杂且实际载荷谱难于确定,因此采用铁路机车车轴强度计算的方法进行轴承受力分析,提出了一种新的理论计算轴承基本额定寿命的方法,从而估计出了不同运行速度、不同可靠度条件下的轴承疲劳寿命。该方法可为铁路高速列车轴承的选用和寿命估计提供理论支持。

The axle box bearing of railway high speed trains was an important component in the train operation system,which performance was directly related with the safety of the train. With the increase of the train speed, it was necessary to evaluate and predict the fatigue life of the bearing. A three-parameter Weibull model was established to calculate the fatigue life of the double-row-tapered roller bearing used in the high-speed train bogie system. Since the operation environment of the axle box bearing was special and the load was too complicated to determine, the bearing load analysis was carried out based on the design method for axles strength. A new analytical estimation method of basic rating life was put forward to evaluate the fatigue life of the DRTR bearing at different run speeds and different reliability level is achieved. The method could provide a theory support for the selection and fatigue life evaluation of railway train bearings.