2005—2014年南京市栖霞区钉螺控制效果分析

Effect analysis of strategy on Oncomelania snail control in Qixia District of Nanjing during 2005-2014

目的掌握南京市栖霞区钉螺消长情况，探讨控制钉螺策略措施。方法采用回顾性方法．分析比较2005-2014年全区螺情资料和现场不同环境类型螺情指标逐年变化情况．同时比较钉螺面积与灭螺覆盖率之间的相关关系。结果全区2005前螺情居高不下，通过强化灭螺．江滩和通江河道实施综合治理等措施．钉螺面积从2005年6554 215ha（1ha=10000m^2）降至2014年的3581591ha。下降了54．65％，活螺密度由6．520只/0．11m^2下降至2．050只/0．11m^2．有螺框出现率由81．5％下降至16．5％，呈逐年下降趋势：钉螺面积与灭螺覆盖率之间呈现负相关关系（r=-0．879，P〈0．05）。区内感染性钉螺最终消灭。并于2010年达到国家血吸虫病传播控制标准。结论强化灭螺并实施有螺环境全覆盖药物灭螺结合综合治理是控制辖区内螺情的直接有效措施．但仍需加强螺情监测．以巩固防治成果。

Objective To understand the fluctuation and distribution of Oncomelania snails in Qixia district, and to discuss the strategy and measures of snail control. Methods The retrospective survey was performed. Index of snail in Qixia District from 2005 to 2014 was compared and the relationship between the area of snail distribution and coverage of snail control was analyzed. Results The area of snail was decreased by 54.65% from 6 554 215 ha to 3 581 591 ha by comprehensive treatment for marshland and rivers connecting to Yangtze River. Live snail density dropped from 6.520 to 2.050 per 0.11 m^2. The rate of snail found frame was decreased from 81.5% to/ 16.5%. It showed a negative correlation （r=-0.879, P〈0.05） between the area of snail and the coverage rate of snail control. Infected snail was eliminated in 2010, and the standard of transmission control was thus achieved. Conclusions The strategy of strengthening snail control, molluscicides and comprehensive control is effective to control the snails in the distribution area of snails. The monitoring on snail situation needs to be enhanced for consolidate the results of control.