湘西苗族吃鼓藏仪式辨析

Research on the Ritual of Chi Gu Zang in Western Hunan Miao

湖南湘西苗族以前也存在过合寨一起杀牛祭祖的吃鼓藏仪式,这一仪式与目前贵州苗族的吃鼓藏类似,虽然目前多写成"吃鼓藏",但"吃牯脏"是最初的写法,是对祭祀中吃牛牯脏的表面记述。另外,湘西苗族椎牛与吃鼓藏的关系,一开始可能是同一性质的祭祀,但至少发展到清朝的时候,椎牛与吃鼓藏已经是不同的两种祭祖仪式了。

The ritual of Chi Gu Zang existed in western Hunan Miao, similar as the Chi Gu Zang in Guizhou Miao. Although it is much written as＂吃鼓藏＂, but it was originally written as＂吃牯脏＂, which is a surface description of having beef in the ritual. In addition, Zhuiniu in western Hunan Miao was a kind of ritual with the same nature as Chi Gu Zang at the beginning. But when they developed to the Qing Dynasty, they have become two different sacrificial rituals.