流域水生态补偿机理与总体框架

Mechanism and general framework for ecological compensation in river basin

水以流域为单元进行物质循环和能量转化,从而形成了流域水生态环境的不断演化。人作为行为主体,对流域水土等资源的开发利用活动会对流域的水生态环境和循环过程产生一定的影响,进而改变流域水生态功能,从而引起不同地区和行为主体之间利益关系的变化。从流域水生态环境演变的机理和主要影响因素出发,研究了流域水资源保护的生态补偿概念与机理、总体框架体系以及分类与模式,提出了相应的对策建议。

Evolution of ecosystem and environment is proceeding in a river basin in which water is enclosed for material circulation and energy conversion. As the key player for development and utilization of water and soil in the river basin, people can exert certain impact on eco-environment and its cyclic process, resulting in loss of ecological function of water as well as imbalance of interests among various stakeholders. Studies are made on concept and mechanism, general framework and classification and modeling for ecological compensation, by examining the mechanism related to ecosystem and environment evolution and main influential factors. Then relevant measures are put forward.