从“内圣外王”到“礼法合治”——汤一介先生论儒学的现代化

From “sagely within and kingly without”to the“Combination of rite and law”——Tang-Yijie's discussion of modernization of Confucianism

汤一介先生指出,儒学要现代化,必须先研究其基本精神,即理想主义和人本主义,二者结合的价值在于教人做人的道理,在于获得真善美的境界。"内圣外王之道"并不是儒家的精神所在,企图由内圣开出外王,开出现代民主与科学体系的想法是不正确的。儒学内圣之道以及"壹是皆以修身为本"的主张容易导致泛道德主义,导致重人治不重法治。必须批判地继承儒家传统中"礼法合治"的精神,同时学习借鉴西方的法治精神。

Tang Yijie considered that, to modernize Confucianism, we should study the essential spirit of Confucianism. The value of the combination of idealism and humanism lies in teaching people to be good. Tang Yijie pointed out that the attempt to create ＂external kings＂, modern democracy and science from ＂internal saints＂ was incorrect. The principle of ＂internal saints＂ is likely to be pan-moralism, and will lead to the primacy of the rule of man over the rule of law. Therefore, we should critically receive the principle of ＂combination of rite and law＂ in the Confucianist tradition.