美国大学新教师社会化的经验和启示

Experience and Enlightenment of New Teacher Socialization in Universities in the USA

文章研究美国大学新教师社会化培训的经验。美国大学特别关注新教师专业成长,大都成立新教师发展的专责机构,社会化新教师内容丰富,形式多样,时间长达一年以上。专业社会化活动帮助新教师明确职业发展的价值和目标。建立、完善个人学术发展档案和新教师的传习、指导制度,提高新教师的社会化适应能力和水平。对我国高校新教师专业发展的启示是高校应确立关注新教师发展、办学质量与效益至上和校园服务的新理念,走新教师发展专业化之路,重视非正式社会化策略的作用。

In this paper, the experiences in new teacher socialization training in the universities in the USA are studied, It is found that new teacher profession growth is paid more attention in the universities in the USA, where specific organization for new teacher development is established and the content in socialization is substantial with various forms lasted more than one year. Thus, specific socialization helps new teachers to clear value and purpose. Academic course files are established and complete mentorship system is constructed to improve ability of socialization for new teachers. The enlightenment for universities in our country is focusing on the development of new iteachers, running quality, benefit, and campus service to form a new idea in specific teacher body development, emphasized the role of informal socialization strategy.