司法程序中的民意及其制度化表达——兼论人民陪审员制度

Public Opinion and its Institutionalized Expression in Judicial Procedure—Also on the People's Assessor System

热点案件的不断涌现揭示了民意与法意之间不可消弭的矛盾。在现代司法程序中,民意处于司法合法性与司法理性构筑的二元困境之中。实际上,司法合法性的基础是制度化的民意,而与现代司法理念不相容的是非制度化民意。因而,吸纳制度化民意应当成为化解民意与法意之间矛盾的努力方向。就我国而言,人民陪审员制度产生的目的便是表达民意,它实现了民意与法意的平衡。基于此也就产生了评价人民陪审员制度的三个标准,即民意表达的真实性、准确性和及时性。从这三个标准出发,检视我国的人民陪审员制度,可以进一步提出更加明确的完善措施。

The emerging of hot cases reveals the contradiction between the public opinion and law. In modem judicial procedure, public opinion has fallen into a trap formed by judicial legitimacy and judicial rationality. Actually, the foundation of judicial legitimacy is the institutionalized public opinion, and the non-institutionalized public opinion is the one violated the requirement of judicial rationality. So the way jumping out of the trap is building a system of expressing the institutionalized public opinion. In China, the purpose of building people＇s assessor system is expressing public opinion, and it keeps balance between public opinion and law. So the standard assessing people＇s assessor can be concluded as expressing public opinion truly, ex- actly and timely. With this standard, some true problems and effective solutions can be funded.